Mookambika | Mangalore | Udupi | Gokarna | Shravanabelagola

Shravanabelagola, located in the Hassan district of Karnataka, is one of the most important pilgrimage sites for Jains. Known for its serene atmosphere, historical significance, and architectural grandeur, the town is especially renowned for its colossal statue of Bahubali (also known as Gommateshwara), which stands as one of the tallest monolithic statues in the world.

Historical Significance

Shravanabelagola’s history dates back over two millennia and is deeply rooted in Jain tradition. The site became a significant center for Jainism around the 3rd century BCE during the reign of the Mauryan Empire under Emperor Chandragupta Maurya, who is said to have embraced Jainism in his later years. Chandragupta is believed to have renounced his throne and traveled to Shravanabelagola under the guidance of Jain sage Bhadrabahu, where he spent the rest of his life in austerity and meditated until his death.

Shravanabelagola became an important center of Jain learning, attracting scholars and pilgrims over the centuries. Many inscriptions found here dating from the 6th to the 12th century provide evidence of patronage by various dynasties, including the Western Ganga dynasty, the Hoysalas, and the Vijayanagara Empire.

Bahubali Statue and Mahamastakabhisheka

The most iconic feature of Shravanabelagola is the Bahubali Statue, which was commissioned by the Ganga Dynasty’s ruler Chamundaraya in 981 CE. Standing at an impressive height of 57 feet, the statue is carved out of a single block of granite and depicts Bahubali, a revered Jain figure who attained enlightenment after renouncing his kingdom and meditating in complete stillness for a year. During his penance, vines and creepers are said to have grown around his body, symbolizing his detachment from worldly life, a detail clearly captured in the sculpture.

Every 12 years, the Mahamastakabhisheka ceremony is held at Shravanabelagola, an event of enormous religious significance for Jains. During this ritual, the statue is anointed with a mixture of milk, curd, ghee, saffron, sandalwood paste, and gold coins, while thousands of devotees and pilgrims gather to witness the grandeur. The last Mahamastakabhisheka took place in 2018, drawing both national and international attention.

The Architecture of Shravanabelagola

Apart from the Bahubali statue, Shravanabelagola is home to two prominent hills, Vindhyagiri and Chandragiri, both of which are dotted with ancient temples, known as basadis, and inscriptions.

1. Vindhyagiri Hill: The Bahubali statue stands atop Vindhyagiri Hill. To reach the statue, visitors must climb around 600 steps, offering sweeping views of the surrounding landscape along the way. Vindhyagiri Hill is also home to several other Jain shrines and monuments, making it a sacred site for worshippers. At the base of the hill, there are ponds, such as Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar, which are important to Jain rituals.
2. Chandragiri Hill: While Vindhyagiri Hill houses the Bahubali statue, Chandragiri Hill is significant for its collection of basadis and memorials, including the Chandragupta Basadi, dedicated to Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. Many of the structures on Chandragiri Hill date back to the 9th and 10th centuries, showcasing traditional Jain architecture, with intricate carvings, domes, and pillars. There are also inscriptions on the hill, which provide valuable insights into the history and religious practices of the region.

The basadis on both hills are simple yet elegant in design, with minimal ornamentation, emphasizing the austerity and spiritual focus of Jainism. The temples have tall, pointed spires, and many are decorated with carvings of Tirthankaras (Jain spiritual leaders). The interiors are often spacious, with a sanctum where a statue of the deity or Tirthankara is enshrined.

Chandragupa Basadi

The Chandragupa Basadi is one of the most historically significant Jain temples located on Chandragiri Hill in Shravanabelagola. It is dedicated to Emperor Chandragupta Maurya, who is said to have embraced Jainism in his later life and spent his final years here under the guidance of the Jain monk Bhadrabahu. Built in the 9th century, this temple is a beautiful example of early Jain architecture, featuring intricate carvings and a peaceful ambiance. The basadi (temple) houses idols of Chandragupta and other Tirthankaras, reflecting the emperor’s spiritual journey and ascetic life.

Gommateshwara Statue

The Gommateshwara Statue, also known as Bahubali, is the most iconic feature of Shravanabelagola, standing tall at 57 feet on Vindhyagiri Hill. This monolithic statue was commissioned by the Ganga dynasty ruler Chamundaraya in 981 CE and represents Bahubali, a revered Jain figure who renounced his kingdom and achieved enlightenment through meditation. The serene expression of the statue, entwined with vines symbolizing his detachment from worldly affairs, embodies the ideals of peace and asceticism central to Jain philosophy. It remains one of the tallest monolithic statues globally and is a focal point of the Mahamastakabhisheka ceremony, held every 12 years.

Akkana Basadi

The Akkana Basadi, located on Chandragiri Hill, is a fine example of 12th-century Jain temple architecture. It was built in 1181 CE by Akkadevi, a noblewoman of the Hoysala Dynasty, and is dedicated to the Tirthankara Parshvanatha. The temple features elegant stone carvings and a simple, yet powerful, architectural design, highlighting the minimalism characteristic of Jain religious structures. The Akkana Basadi is renowned for its exquisite idol of Parshvanatha, depicted with a canopy of cobra hoods above his head, symbolizing his victory over desire and fear.

Bhadrabahu Cave

Bhadrabahu Cave is a revered cave located on Chandragiri Hill, associated with the Jain monk Acharya Bhadrabahu, the spiritual teacher of Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. It is believed that Bhadrabahu spent his last years in this cave, engaged in deep meditation and penance. This site holds immense religious importance for Jain pilgrims, as Bhadrabahu is regarded as one of the most significant figures in early Jain history. The cave exudes an atmosphere of quiet reflection, offering visitors a space to connect with the deep spiritual legacy of Jainism.

Kambadahalli

Kambadahalli is an ancient Jain site located near Shravanabelagola, famous for its impressive 9th-century Jain temple complex. The highlight of the site is the Brahmadeva Pillar, a monolithic stone pillar that stands as a testament to the region’s Jain architectural achievements. The temples in Kambadahalli are known for their detailed carvings, including sculptures of Jain Tirthankaras and ornate pillars. Kambadahalli showcases the architectural sophistication of the Western Ganga Dynasty, reflecting the cultural and religious importance of Jainism in the region during that period.

Additionally, Shravanabelagola is a symbol of peace and non-violence, central tenets of Jainism. The towering Bahubali statue serves as a reminder of the spiritual triumph over ego and material desires, embodying the essence of Jain philosophy.

Visiting Shravanabelagola is not just a religious experience but also a journey into India’s ancient history and its deep-rooted cultural heritage. The awe-inspiring Bahubali statue, the ancient basadis, and the tranquil setting in the hills make Shravanabelagola a place of profound spirituality and architectural marvel.

MANGALORE

Mangalore, a coastal city in Karnataka, is a charming blend of culture, history, and natural beauty. Set against the backdrop of the Arabian Sea and the lush Western Ghats, Mangalore offers a peaceful escape with its serene temples, pristine beaches, and captivating architecture. Mangalore is home to some of Karnataka’s most revered temples. This vibrant city enchants visitors with its unique blend of spiritual sanctuaries, sun-kissed beaches, and colonial-era architecture.The Mangaladevi Temple, a 9th-century marvel, sits at the heart of the city, dedicated to Goddess Shakti, whose blessings gave the city its name.

Mangaladevi Temple

The Mangaladevi Temple, built in the 9th century by the Alupa dynasty, is dedicated to Goddess Mangaladevi, a form of Shakti. This temple holds immense significance as the city of Mangalore is named after the goddess. The Dravidian-style architecture of the temple, with its intricate carvings and ancient rituals, draws devotees and visitors who seek a spiritual connection in this peaceful sanctuary.

Kudroli Gokarnanath Temple

Similarly, the grand Kudroli Gokarnanath Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is a symbol of divine energy and devotion, drawing worshippers and visitors alike. A major spiritual landmark, the Kudroli Gokarnanath Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Established in 1912 by Narayana Guru, this temple stands out for its grand structure and modern amenities while maintaining its spiritual essence. The annual Dasara celebrations at the temple are spectacular, with the temple illuminated in vibrant lights and the procession of deities.

Kadri Shree Manjunatha Temple

The Kadri Shree Manjunatha Temple is an ancient temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, believed to have been built in the 10th century. Nestled amidst lush greenery, this temple is renowned for its bronze statues of deities and the presence of a natural spring that feeds into seven sacred ponds. The serene environment makes it a favored destination for both pilgrims and tourists.

The city’s historical and architectural wonders include the St. Aloysius Chapel, an exquisite structure adorned with Italian frescoes, and Sultan Battery, a 17th-century watchtower built by Tipu Sultan that offers breathtaking views of the Arabian Sea. Mangalore also embraces nature with places like Sammilan Shetty’s Butterfly Park, where thousands of colorful butterflies create a mesmerizing sanctuary.

St. Aloysius Chapel

The St. Aloysius Chapel, built by Italian Jesuit Antonio Moscheni in 1885, is an architectural marvel. The chapel’s interior is adorned with breathtaking frescoes and oil paintings that depict the life of Jesus and various saints. The artistry is reminiscent of European cathedrals, making this chapel a must-visit for history buffs and art lovers.

Sultan Battery

The Sultan Battery, constructed by Tipu Sultan in 1784, is a historical landmark located on the banks of the Gurupura River. This watchtower, built to prevent British warships from entering the river, has underground chambers and offers stunning views of the Arabian Sea. Its strategic location and military history add a fascinating layer to Mangalore’s heritage.

Sammilan Shetty’s Butterfly Park

Nestled in a lush green setting, Sammilan Shetty’s Butterfly Park is a sanctuary that attracts thousands of butterflies from over 114 species. Visitors can witness these beautiful creatures fluttering around in a peaceful, natural environment. The park also plays a significant role in conservation efforts, offering educational tours for those interested in learning about butterfly species and their importance in the ecosystem.

Mangalore’s natural beauty extends beyond its spiritual sites. The city’s pristine beaches, such as Panambur Beach and Tannirbhavi Beach, offer soft sands, clear waters, and stunning sunsets. Here, the serenity of the ocean blends with vibrant activities like surfing, jet skiing, and parasailing, making these beaches a hub for both relaxation and adventure.

Panambur Beach

One of the cleanest beaches in India, Panambur Beach is known for its soft sands and clear waters. It’s a hub for water sports like jet skiing, parasailing, and boating. The beach is family-friendly, with a vibrant atmosphere that includes local food stalls, camel rides, and occasional beach festivals.

Tannirbhavi Beach

Tannirbhavi Beach is one of Mangalore’s most unspoiled beaches, offering golden sands and azure waters. This tranquil beach is perfect for relaxation and also offers boating, surfing, and jet skiing for adventure seekers. Less crowded than Panambur Beach, Tannirbhavi offers solitude amidst natural beauty.

Mangalore offers a perfect mix of spiritual, historical, and natural experiences, leaving visitors enchanted by its tranquil beauty and rich cultural heritage. Whether you’re visiting the grand temples, relaxing on pristine beaches, or exploring historical landmarks, the city promises a memorable journey into the heart of coastal Karnataka. Mangalore’s charm lies not just in its sights but in its atmosphere—a blend of ancient heritage, serene landscapes, and the warm embrace of the Arabian Sea. It’s a city where tradition and modernity coexist, offering an enriching experience that lingers long after your visit.

DAY – 3

Thousand Pillars Temple, Moodabidri

Located in Moodabidri, around 34 km from Mangalore, the Thousand Pillars Temple is an architectural marvel. Built in 1430, this Jain temple is renowned for its intricately carved pillars, each with unique designs. The temple stands as a testament to the craftsmanship of ancient India and is a major pilgrimage site for Jains.

Karkala Gomateshwara Statue

Situated in Karkala, about 60 km from Mangalore, the Gomateshwara Statue is a striking 42-foot monolithic statue of Lord Bahubali, an important figure in Jainism. Erected in 1432 AD, this statue is the second-largest of its kind in India. The surrounding hills and lush landscape make it a serene location for reflection and exploration.

UDIPI